Down+Syndrome-+Juliet+M.

Down Syndrome

Down Syndrome is a disease in which a person’s development is delayed, both physically and mentally. It occurs when an extra Chromosome 21 is present. This happens during a process called nondisjunction when I pair of 21 chromosomes does not separate as it should during the formation of an egg of sperm. Children with Down Syndrome suffer many problems when learning and growing and are more common if their mothers are age 35 or older.
 * Description: **

Down Syndrome can be inherited in rare cases through Robertsonian Translocation. That’s when the long arm of Chromosome 21 breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. The parent will not have Down Syndrome; however, their children could have Down Syndrome. 90% of cases in which an extra 21 Chromosome is present, come from the egg, not the sperm. Down Syndrome is an autosomal disease; therefore, it occurs in both males and females. Robertsonian Translocation is very rare and most Down Syndrome Patients get it from nondisjunction- the failure of separation of 21 Chromosomes in the egg or sperm.
 * Inheritance: **

The symptoms are flat face, small broad nose, a large tongue, upward slanting eyes with small folds of skin in the corners and abnormally shaped ears. They also show a degree of mental retardation and other developmental issues.
 * Punnett Square: **
 * Symptoms: **

Down Syndrome is diagnosed using two methods: screening and diagnostic tests. These are taken during a woman’s pregnancy and if positive are tested further. If Down Syndrome isn’t diagnosed before birth, doctors can confirm Down Syndrome in a child using an examination of the baby’s chromosomes called a Karyotype.
 * Diagnosis: **

There is no known cure for Down Syndrome. However, they undergo speech and physical therapy and attend special education classes to improve their quality of learning.
 * Treatment: **


 * Interesting Facts: **
 * Down Syndrome is the only disease that’s livable in which an extra chromosome is present.


 * Down Syndrome affects 1 out of every 800 to 1,00 babies.


 * Down Syndrome is more likely inherited from the mother’s egg than the father’s sperm.


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Support Groups: **
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">National Down Syndrome Society (NDDS)

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 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">National Association for Down Syndrome (NADS)
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Sources: **
 * 1) <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/disorders/whataregd/down/index.html
 * 2) <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ndds.org
 * 3) <span style="color: black; font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">Nads.org
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Times,serif; font-size: 12pt;">Pictures: **